Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

PCOS is a condition in which the ovaries produce an abnormal amount of androgens, male sex hormones that are usually present in women in small amounts. The name polycystic ovary syndrome describes the numerous small cysts (fluid-filled sacs) that form in the ovaries.  One of the defining characteristics of PCOS is Irregular menstrual cycles with anovulation.

Not all women will have these clear criteria. Excess male hormones cause hirsutism (excessive hair) and acne. In addition, there is a typical metabolic disorder with insulin resistance and rapid weight gain. On the contrary, many slim women also suffer from PCOS syndrome. It is known that most women are completely asymptomatic, do not need any treatment and become pregnant naturally.

Some women may not realize they have PCOS until they try to conceive. Women with PCOS often fail to ovulate or ovulate infrequently, which means they have irregular or absent periods and find it difficult to get pregnant. 

Blood tests are used to make the diagnosis and to measure hormone levels . 

PCOS treatment starts with lifestyle changes like diet and exercise. Losing just 5 to 10 percent of your body weight if you’re overweight can help improve your symptoms. Birth control pills and other medications can help regulate the menstrual cycle and treat PCOS symptoms like hair growth and acne. Surgery can be an option to improve fertility if other treatments don’t work. Ovarian drilling is a procedure that makes tiny holes in the ovary with a laser or thin heated needle to restore normal ovulation.

For woman who do not respond to the above treatment IVF treatment is indicated.